• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to the welding and application of wear resistant coatings, in particular to welding materials intended for this purpose. The aim of the invention is to increase the flexibility of the material and the quality of the weld metal. The material is a thin wire of an easily deformable material that is coated with a thick coating containing metal powder particles, a binder, and a plasticizer. Oxymethylcellulose, galactomanosis or carboxymethylcellulose is used as a binder separately or in combination with each other, in a total amount of 0.5-1.7 wt.%. The binder should absorb water and a five-fold amount relative to the weight of the binder. A plasticizer is also added to the coating composition, for which glycerol, glycol or triethanolamine is chosen in an amount of 0.2-1.1 wt.% Based on the coating weight. The metal powder consists of refractory particles, 80% of which have a diameter of 0.04–5% and alloy particles — a nickel-based binder. More than 30% of the metal powder particles have no sharp corners. The material is flexible enough to wind it onto a reel and transport it without cracking the coating. In making the metal powder, the binder and the plasticizer are mixed with the solvent and, after extrusion, are dried to remove the solvent. 6 hp f-ly, 3 Il. S C VI CJ С SL VI VI yu 00
    公开号:SU1734572A3
    申请号:SU864028539
    申请日:1986-11-20
    公开日:1992-05-15
    发明作者:Майбон Ги
    申请人:Ги Майбон (FR)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the welding and application of wear resistant coatings, in particular to welding materials intended for this purpose.
    The aim of the invention is to increase the flexibility of the material manufactured in
    as coated wire, which includes the main welding components in the form of metal powders. The material must be sufficiently flexible to wind onto a coil while improving the quality of the weld metal. The material is used mainly in welding processes of welding, carried out using a gas torch,
    The proposed material is very flexible, but in spite of flexibility, the present composition can be overloaded and transported without special precautions and there are no cracks during normal handling and use. The presence of such cracks is undesirable because it leads to the formation of irregularities in the wear-resistant coating applied to the surface.
    The main difficulty in achieving flexibility sufficient for winding and unwinding is that the main welding components are included in the outer coating of the material, the metal core of which is thin and the coating is rather thick.
    The invention also minimizes the undesirable effects of the metal core on the composition. Typically, the metal core melts at a much higher temperature than the mixture surrounding the composition. By using the composition of the invention, it is possible to reduce the diameter of the core, so that the core will not interfere with the welding or wear-resistant coating process.
    The material can be molded using an extrusion process, wherein the abrasion resistant component is part of the coating applied to the metal wire. In this way, the material can be made in the form of long pieces of material that is easily wound onto the cushion and transported. In use, the composition is unwound from the reel and applied to the surface, usually using a welding torch. No welding of short lengths or ejection of unused ends is required.
    The proposed material intended for welding or for surfacing an abrasive-resistant material onto the surface of a part contains a metal wire coated with a coating comprising the main welding components in the form of a powder and a binder. The binder component contains an organic binder, at least a plasticizer, wherein the core is molded into a continuous long length, which is characterized by sufficient flexibility for reeling or unwinding from the reel. Materials to be deposited include tungsten carbide particles and alloy particles, the melting point of which is lower than the tungsten carbide melting temperature. The alloy contains chromium, silicon and boron, the rest is nickel. The alloy particles are preferably round. In other words, the alloy particles should not have a large number of sharp edges.
    An organic binder is a powder that, upon absorption of the solvent, takes the form that binds the particles of the main welding components, which allows the entire mixture to be extruded. Such a solvent is used which does not evaporate too quickly under normal temperature conditions, but remains in the binder until it is removed by heating after the extrusion is complete.
    The plasticizer may be a substance that makes the mixture homogeneous and prevents the fragility of the composition after drying and extrusion. The plasticizer provides the flexibility of the finished product, sufficient for winding on the coil with a diameter of several tens of centimeters. Such a plasticizer may be a water-soluble liquid, for example glycerol, glycol or triethanolamine. The plasticizer remains in the extruded product after drying, providing the necessary flexibility to the product.
    In the manufacture of the material, the particles of tungsten carbide, the particles of nickel alloy, the organic binder and the plasticizer are mixed together with the corresponding solvent. The mixture is extruded over a continuous length of wire. It is then dried in an oven, where the solvent is removed. The dried material is then coiled into coils for further use.
    The material can be used to coat the surface with a welding torch. A nickel alloy, the melting point of which is lower than the melting point of silicon carbide, is applied to the surface to be coated and carries with it silicon carbide particles. The carbide particles do not melt during the welding process. Thus, an abrasive-resistant coating contains tungsten carbide particles interspersed into a cooled nickel alloy. Therefore, the alloy is used as a tungsten carbide braze. The organic binder and plasticizer burn out during welding.
    The aim of the invention is to provide a composition which includes an abrasive-resistant material and can be used for coating by welding.
    FIG. 1 shows the segment of the proposed material after winding on the coil; in fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the particles of tungsten carbide and nickel alloy contained in the organic binder deposited on the wire; in fig. 3 is a schematic of a machine for manufacturing a material.
    To manufacture the material 1, the coating is applied to a continuous metal wire 2, which imparts a certain rigidity to the entire material.
    The particles of tungsten carbide 3 and nickel alloy 4 are contained in mass 5 of organic binder and plasticizer. It is the tungsten carbide and alloy particles that form the abrasive resistant material that is applied to the surface. With this deposition, tungsten carbide and alloy are not uniformly mixed. Instead, tungsten carbide particles are concentrated at various points in the layer of alloy particles, with the alloy being a carrier and tungsten carbide solder.
    As shown in FIG. 1, material 1 may be wound around an axis on a coil (not shown) with a diameter of about several tens of centimeters.
    The alloy particles 4 are shown in FIGS. 2 as spheres. In practice, these particles are not ideal spheres. But it is desirable that at least 30 vol.% Of the particles of the composition should not have sharp edges. Tungsten carbide particles are shown with sharp edges. In general, the main part of the particles of tungsten carbide will have sharp edges, since it is difficult to obtain such particles with rounded edges.
    The tungsten carbide particle size should be about 0.04-5.00 mm in diameter. The diameter of the alloy particles should be less than about 0.15 mm. Tungsten carbide particles can be significantly larger than alloy particles. Namely, tungsten carbide particles give hardness to an abrasive resistant coating.
    It is established that if a significant amount of tungsten carbide particles, more than about 20 wt.%, Is less than 0.04 mm, the resulting product will have an unsatisfactory quality. If the particles are too small, the effective surface area of the particles of tungsten carbide increases significantly and stimulates the reaction between the nickel alloy and tungsten carbide. These reactions make the nickel alloy more brittle.
    If there are only very large particles, the effective concentration of carbide is reduced and the abrasive stability of the composition
    getting worse. In other words, using very small carbide particles results in a lower quality product. Although importance is attached to
    the particles were not too small, these particles should not be too large. If the diameter is greater than about 5 mm, the composition is not extruded onto the wire.
    0 The diameter of the wire core must be significantly smaller than the entire composition. Therefore, if the outer diameter of the composition is 5-10 mm, then the diameter of the core should be less than about 1.5.
    5 mm. It is necessary that the bulk of the composition of the composition be occupied by elements that form an abrasive resistant coating, and not by components that melt at a higher temperature than
    0 alloy powder mixed with tungsten carbide. The wire core is only used to form a framework around which other components are molded. Wire core which
    5 should be made of a readily deformable metal, always melting at a higher temperature than the melting point of the nickel alloy. The organic binder is mainly designed to hold the abrasive particles on the wire and so that the coating can be extruded. Therefore, the binder must have sufficient bending strength.
    5 to retain the metal components, and its quantity and quality should be chosen so that the alloy particles and tungsten carbide are not blown out when the material is applied to the surface using a welding torch. It is the binder that provides flexibility, which makes it possible to wind the composition in the form of a coil, and sufficient tensile strength to prevent cracking of the composition.
    Compounds that can be used as an organic binder include hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, galactomanose, or carboxymethylcellulose, or a combination thereof. The best results are obtained with the use of hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, which allows to obtain the best ratio between the various requirements for
    5 binder.
    An alloy that is mixed with tungsten carbide particles should preferably contain about 0.1-4.0% silicon, 0.6-4.0% boron; 0-16% chromium; the rest is nickel.
    PRI me R. A mixture containing about 60-68% tungsten carbide is used. Nickel alloy contains about 1.5% silicon; 1.5% boron and 7% chromium, the rest is nickel. This alloy constitutes about 32-40 of the total weight of the mixture. The organic binder is hydroxyethyl methylcellulose in an amount of 0.5-1.7%. The plasticizer is glycerin in an amount of 0.2-11%. Water is added in an amount of 2-10% of the total amount, while this amount is chosen so that the binder facilitates the extrusion of the mixture. The amount of each component must be adjusted within the specified ranges so that the total amount is 100%.
    The melting point of the alloy is about 1000 ° C. Consequently, under normal welding conditions, tungsten carbide does not melt, but is deposited on the surface to be coated in a solid form, with the particles being transferred by the alloy. Preferably, the melting point of the alloy is less than about 1100 ° C.
    The organic binder, which is initially in the form of a powder, is mixed with particles of tungsten carbide, an alloy, and a solvent and a plasticizer. The mixture is then extruded around a continuous wire core. Thereafter, the product is dried at the heating stage in the treat to eliminate the residual solvent. Water, alcohol or any other suitable substance can be used as a solvent.
    At the heating stage, a significant amount of heat is applied to remove the solvent, but not enough to remove the binder or plasticizer. It is necessary that the binder and the plasticizer remain in the finished material after drying and that only the solvent is removed. The presence of a binder and a plasticizer provides flexibility for the product, which can be easily wound on a reel and which does not crack during storage, transportation or overload.
    The material is made using an electrode coating machine that is supplied by Oerlicon, Sweden. This installation includes a coil 6 with a wire 2, a wire feeding mechanism 7, a coating press 8 with a piston 9 and a head 10 for extruding the mass 11. On the output side of the installation there is another device for receiving the extruded product and winding it on the outlet coil 12. The outlet coil 12 must pull the wire through the machine in such a way that appropriate tensile forces are applied to the wire.
    Corresponding tensile forces are generated by the drive means 13 applying a constant torque to the discharge coil 12. According to the first embodiment of the invention, the coated wire 1 is stretched between the coil 12 and the head 10. According to the second embodiment of the invention, the coated wire is free stretched between coil 12 and head 10. In both embodiments, the speed of movement is controlled by the mechanism 7 for pulling the core.
    The wire is made of easily deformable metal. Partially used is a chute chute wire. It is necessary for the finished material to retain a certain degree of elasticity, so that when mechanical forces are applied, these forces are distributed along the length of the material, preventing the formation of bends or cracks. In other words, when unwinding from a reel, the proposed material should maintain an arc and should not be so soft as to form sags. Bends and cracks can lead to coating defects and, therefore, should be prevented.
    The roundness of the alloy particles or at least the absence of a large number of sharp edges is an important feature of the composition. The roundness of the particles contributes to the flexibility of the composition and facilitates its extrusion. As the proportion of round particles in the alloy increases, the amount of plasticizer and organic binder can be reduced, respectively. Conversely, if the proportion of round particles is too low, it is necessary to increase the amount of organic binders and plasticizer. If all the particles were round, it was possible to completely abandon the use of a plasticizer.
    The organic binder should be used in such an amount that extrusion can be facilitated and the mechanical properties of the wire rod can be improved, but it should also be small enough to prevent welding particles from blowing out. It is necessary that the components of the composition do not blow out, but remain together to melt them in a melted or semi-melted drop to apply the desired mixture on the surface to be coated. Using an organic binder in an amount of 0.5-1.7% gives the best results,
    An organic binder is used that can absorb a quantity of liquid five times greater than its weight. This facilitates extrusion and after drying the composition, shrinking of the binder binds the particles of the composition together, thus improving the properties of the finished material.
    It is desirable that the organic binders, when burned during welding, form only harmless by-products, such as water and carbon dioxide. The considered binders have such advantages. Therefore, the proposed composition also improves the working conditions during welding. The length of the wire rod can be chosen in a very wide range, for example, from several centimeters to several meters.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Flexible material for welding and surfacing, made in the form of metal wire, coated with a coating containing the main welding components in the form of metal powder, cellulose-based organic binder and plasticizer, characterized in that, in order to increase the flexibility of the material and quality deposited metal, the coating contains a binder from the group containing hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, galactomanose and carboxymethylcellulose in an amount of 0.5-1.7% by weight of the coating, and the plasticizer is selected from the group containing it contains glycerin, glycol, triethanolamine, and is contained in an amount of 0.2-1.1% by weight of the coating.
    [2]
    2. Material pop.1, characterized in that the particles of the metal powder at least partially do not have sharp edges.
    [3]
    3.Material on PP. 1 and 2, differing from the fact that the number of particles without sharp edges is more than 30% of the volume of the metal powder of the coating.
    [4]
    4.Material on PP. 1-3, differing from the fact that the main welding components in the form of metal powder contain refractory particles, 80% of which have a diameter of 0.04-5 mm.
    [5]
    5.Material on PP. 1-4, characterized in that a substance is selected as a binder that is capable of absorbing water in a five-fold amount relative to the mass of the binder,
    [6]
    6.Material on PP. 1-5, characterized in that the coating contains 0.5-1.7 wt.% Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose and 0.2-1.1 wt.% Glycerol.
    [7]
    7. Material on PP. 1-6, I distinguish it by the fact that the wire is made of easily deformable material.
    /
    figl
    srig.2.
    45
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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